A payment bond secures one’s right to be paid on a construction project. If a job is bonded, a claim exists against that payment bond. How do you know if a job is bonded? A copy of the bond should be posted at the job site. A copy of the bond is also likely recorded with the Notice of Commencement. So if you have access to the public records of the county where you’re doing work, you can pull up the Notice of Commencement and see if the job is bonded.
Assuming there is a bond on the job, there are specific steps with which you need to comply in order to have a valid and enforceable bond claim.
1. Within 45 days of your first work on the job, you need to send what is called a Preliminary Notice or Notice to Contractor. A Preliminary Notice is a document very similar to a Notice to Owner. This document should be sent by you to the bonded contractor and his or her surety, advising them that you intend to look to that bond in order to be paid. Only those who do not have a direct contract with the bonded contractor need to send this Preliminary Notice. This means that if you are a subcontractor to a bonded general contractor, you do not need to send this preliminary notice; however, we strongly encourage that you do so anyway.
Sometimes, you don’t know if a job is bonded and the 45 days to send that Preliminary Notice may have expired. But fear not, if that bond was not recorded with the Notice of Commencement, and you had no reason to know the job was bonded, your 45 days won’t start to run until you have actual notice that the job is bonded.
2. Next, within 90 days of your last work on the job, you need to send what’s called a Notice of Nonpayment. A Notice of Nonpayment, similar to a lien, is a document that’s sent to the bonded contractor and his or her surety, advising them that you’re owed money on a job and you intend to look to the bond to be paid.
3. Finally, in order to assert your claim against the payment bond, you need to file suit against that payment bond surety within 1 year of your last work on the job. This differs from a situation where you may
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